It can be observed that in the Parliament which was inaugurated after the 2006 and 2011 elections, the proportion of women did not exceed 10%, with an average of 8.1% in 2006 and 8.6% in 2011 for the two chambers. In 2006, the upper chamber merely had 43 women, compared to 457 men, i.e. 8.6% of number of senators; and in 2011, the ratio was 47 women, compared to 453 men, i.e. 9.4% women. Similarly, the lower chamber only had 8.1% women in 2006 and 8.6% in 2011. Table 9: Disaggregated Statistics on Men and Women in Political Institutions at the Provincial Level Designation Total Number Number of Women Number of Men Provincial MPs 679 61 618 8.9 26 1 25 0.04 26 5 11 19.2 Provincial Ministers 116 24 92 20.7 Total 847 91 746 10.7 Provincial Governors Dep. Governors % of Women Source: CAFCO The situation is no better at the provincial level; although we have more than one woman out of five persons occupying a ministerial position (20.7%), women account for only 8.9% in the provincial legislative assemblies; besides, there is no female governor in all of the country’s provinces. Table 10: Disaggregated Statistics on Men and Women in Public Administration No. of Women DESIGNATION No. of Men % of Women 7 44 13.7 Chairmen, Board of Directors 3 34 8.1 Board Members-Directors-General 4 33 10.8 Board Members-Tech. Directors 5 32 13.5 12 99 12.12 Chief Directors PUBLIC ENTERPRISES Total Within the public administration set-up, the observation remains the same: with a proportion of 13.7%, women are poorly represented at the secretary-general level and 8.1% at the board chairmanship level. Even the pro-democracy institutions are no exception because there are only two women out of a membership of six, i.e.33% for CENI and ECOSOC and 16.6% for CESAC (Table 10). Table 11: Participation of Women in Pro-Democracy Institutions (2012) Institution CENI CNDH CSAC ECOSOC Source: CAFCO Total Number No. of Women No. of Men % of Women 13 9 4 2 9 7 33 22 6 8 1 2 5 6 16.6 33 Table 12: Girl-Boy Ratio at the Primary and Secondary School Levels: 2007 – 2013 112

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