324. The courses for initiation to professional life II (SIVP II) concern noncertificate holders and can contribute to their reintegration after an internship
period within the Company. These measures lead to public aid under the form of
scholarships to the youth and/or subventions to the Companies. The trainees
benefit moreover from free social security. The rate of reintegration of the
beneficiaries is higher than 70%.
325. Furthermore, a fund for professional reintegration and adaptation (FIAP) had
been created to respond notably to the un-filled job offers. The FIAP takes on the
responsibility of the total training costs and allocates a scholarship to the trainee
during the entire training period. The latter further benefits from free social
security. The FIAP intervenes essentially in two types of activitiy: on the one
hand, the adaptation of the young people in order to satisfy job offers and on the
other, the adaptation of the youth to help them set up their own business.
All these programmes contribute to make employment a profoundly socializing
factor and a framework within which lies a series of individual and community
aspirations for the purpose of achieving better communal living.
326. The Tunisian approach in the area of employment is based on consensus,
on consultation and partnership between the different components of civil society,
which had been concretized on the 13th July 1998 through the signature of the
« National Charter on Employment » by the Political Parties, the social partners
and the national organizations. Thus the rate of unemployment registered a
downward trend of 15.6% in 1994 and 13.9% in 2004.
Article 16
The Right to good Health
327. Article 16 of the Charter stipulates that « every individual shall have the right
to enjoy the best attainable state of physical and mental health » (paragraph 1)
and that « the States to the present Charter shall take the necessary measures to
protect the health of their people and to ensure that they receive medical attention
when they are sick » (paragraph 2).
328. The right to good health constitutes one of the foundations of human rights
in Tunisia. Article 1 of the law n° 91-63 of the 29th July 1991 on sanitary
arrangements stipulates that « every individual has a right to the protection of his
health under the best possible conditions ». In the same vein, Article 5 stipulates
that the public and private health structures and institutions should function under
conditions which guarantee the fundamental rights of the human being and the
security of the patients who seek their services. Article 34 adds that « the public
health structures are open to all persons whose state of health requires their
services… »
329. The Decree 2003-1027 of the 28th April 2003 was introduced to define the
activities and the modalities for the exercise of reproductive medicine. This
Decree is considered as a text for the application of the law n° 2001-93 of 7th
August whose Article 1 stipulates that the exercise of reproductive medicine is
carried out in the respect for the dignity and physical integrity of the human being.
In conformity with the provisions of this Decree, the various activities of
reproductive medicine had been established in order to concretize the right of the
married couple to procreation, whilst covering the entire set of operations, of the
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