09; only 43 per cent of children are delivered in a health facility. Births attended by skilled health
personnel declined from 51 per cent in 2007 to 43 per cent in 2010/11.
156. In a bid to reduce the high infant and maternal mortality rate, the State in 2013 introduced the free
maternal health care in public hospitals in order to encourage pregnant mothers to deliver in hospitals
attended by skilled workers as opposed to delivering at home. The First Lady, Her Excellency Margaret
Kenyatta initiated the Beyond Zero Campaign’ aimed at accelerating reduction of maternal and new born
morbidity and mortality. Around 100 million has been raised so far and this will be directed at
establishment of mobile clinics which will provide integrated HIV, maternal and child outreach
services in the country.
Reproductive health
157. The State has put in place the innovative Output-Based Aid Voucher system intended to contribute to
reduction in both maternal and infant mortality rates by improving access to and utilization of
reproductive health services by economically disadvantaged populations. The programme was piloted
in three rural districts (Kisumu, Kiambu and Kitui) and in two urban sites in Nairobi (Viwandani and
Korogocho). Plans are under way to scale-up the initiative to other counties. Since its inception, the
programme has reached 51 per cent of poor pregnant women in the pilot sites, an indication that the
programme has registered success in increasing the proportion of institutional deliveries with a skilled
birth attendant. The challenge though with this initiative, is its heavy reliance on external funding. In
2013, the Government introduced a waiver of maternity fees in all public hospitals, a measure that
should play a significant role in reducing maternal mortality rates.
158. A Community strategy is also being implemented through the establishment of community units and
the training of community health workers to provide basic community-based services through
enhancing communities’ awareness of health preventive and promotional strategies to encourage them
to adopt positive health seeking behaviour.
Measures taken for the healthy development of children
159. The Department of the Children’s Services (DCS), the National Council for Children Services (NCCS),
the Kenya National Commission on Human Rights (KNCHR) and the National Gender and Equality
Commission (NGEC) work closely to ensure the realization of the children’s rights by enhancing the
promotion and protection of these rights as provided for in the Constitution, legislation, regional and
international instruments that Kenya is a state Party to.
160. The Ministry of Public Health and Sanitation has a key Division of Child and adolescent health
(DCAH) which is mandated to promote and participate in the provision of an integrated and high
quality promotive, preventive and rehabilitative health care for all children and adolescents. The
DCAH ensures survival, growth development of children under the age of 5 years, health promotion in
all children between 0-18 years, promotes good nutrition for children, expectant and nursing mothers
and the health rights of the child.
161. Kenya has also formulated the following national policies, strategies and plans for actions that seek to
enhance the healthy development of children, namely:
37