ACERWC African Committee of Experts on the Rights & Welfare of the Child Chapter 6 THE POLICY AND INSTITUTIONAL CONTEXT PROTECTING CHILDREN ON THE MOVE 6.1 Legal and Institutional challenges The analysis conducted by this study highlights a number of issues that result from weak legal and institutional frameworks. It is noted, however; that countries have sought to address some of the legal and institutional bottlenecks within the framework of their existing legislation while neglecting other important areas therefore leading to abuses (see Figure 10). Figure 10: key issues faced by children on the move Many of the weaknesses above relate to a lack of clear institutional positioning on the notion of children on the move.488 Indeed, not all countries have implemented legal and institutional measures to protect the rights of the child in a consistent manner. Other challenges related to this institutional constraint are the inadequacy of the legal framework to respond to problems faced by children on the move and the lack of adequate systems to trace children on the move, apart from those who are apprehended and identified at national border points.489 Weaknesses in national systems affecting children more generally inevitably also impact on child migrants. The case of Ghana illustrates this well. While the country made significant strides in improving its birth registration system (from 17% coverage in 2002 to 58% in 2014), it remains a challenge to ensure full coverage. Two groups of children are affected by this systemic weakness: children in rural areas and asylum-seeking and refugee children.490ystemic weakness: 488 Terre Des Hommes, The Added Value of Accompaniment (2014) p 42. Available at <https://www.tdh.ch/en/media-library/documents/added-value-protective-accompaniment> (Last accessed on 7 April 2018). 489 As above p 43. 490 UN Committee on the Rights of the Child. 2015, Concluding observations on the combined third to fifth periodic reports of Ghana. CRC/C/GHA/CO/3-5. Pg 6. <http://www.refworld.org/cgi-bin/texis/vtx/ rwmain?page=publisher&docid=566fc3944&skip=0&publisher=CRC&querysi=ghana&searchin =fulltext&sort=date> last accessed 15 July 2018. 86