ACERWC African Committee of Experts on the Rights & Welfare of the Child to Algiers and Oran. The situation of children on each of these routes is different. Children in Tamanrasset, where Africans from 20 different countries represent 40% of the population, are part of families on the move, crossing mainly from Niger with Algeria as their final destination, and have therefore some social support system. The situation of children notably in Ouargla and Gharadaia is characterized by low paid jobs which earn them the equivalent of 6 euros/month.368 Map 7: Migration routes to and through North Africa from East and West Africa (Source: IOM, June 2018369) An earlier study in 2005 have identified Raban Tioussit, Ras Ousfour, Jouj Bral, lganfda, Mersat Belmehdi, Chbika, and Houara as key crossing points between Algeria and Morocco.370 Despite the security situation, Gao in northern Mali also continues to be an important hub from the CMR. Of all people arriving in Gao and Benena, 8% are children, with Gao being the main hub. The majority of children were from West Africa (Senegal, Guinea, Gambia and Mali travelling onwards). Although the data available does not disaggregate the responses per age group, 38% of those passing by Gao indicated Algeria as their destination and 32% indicated that it was Libya. Only 29% indicated their desire to reach Europe.371 Reviewing the migratory flow in Mali on the basis of gender as a proportion of the total number of people crossing indicates that women and girls do not travel through certain hubs (see Figure 6). Means of transportation are several. Depending on the origin of the movment, many travels using different means. For those from West Africa, movement across borders in a legal manner is 368 369 370 371 Khaled N. et al. (2008), Les migrants subsahariens en situation irrégulière en Algérie : caractéristiques, profils et typologie. p.21 http://carim-south.eu/carim/public/polsoctexts/PS2ALG003_FR.pdf Last accessed: 2 June 2018 IOM. 2018. Displacement Tracking Matrix. http://migration.iom.int/europe/ Last accessed: 7 June 2018. OIM, Union Européenne, Coopération Belge, Confédération Suisse (2009), Migration en Mauritanie : document thématique 2009. Migration irrégulière : état des lieux et défis de la gestion des flux de migrants irréguliers en Mauritanie, OIM, p.6. IOM. November 2016. Mali – Suivi des Flux Migratoires: Rapport de situation sur les points de suivi des flus migratoires a Gao et Benena. https://www.iom.int/sites/default/files/situation_reports/file/ IOM-Mali-Migration_Sitrep9_FR.PDF Last accessed: 7 June 2018 66