Low birth weight This is one of the major causes of mortality and morbidity in childhood. According DCAT-II, 10% of children had low birth weight (less than 2.5 kg). Conversely, in 90% of cases, children weighed at least 2.5 kg. This result is identical to that recorded during the DCAT-I (2005). The proportion of low birth weight is higher when the mother is under 20 years of age at the birth of the child than when she is older (12% against 10% at 20-34 years and 8% to 35-49 years) and when there is a birth of rank 1 (12% against 8-10% for other ranks). At departments level, the proportion of children weighing less than 2.5 kg ranged from a minimum of 7% in the Likouala to a maximum of 13% in the Lékoumou. Acute respiratory infections Table 12: Prevalence of diarrhoea, fever and IRA by age (%) Age <6 Diarrhoea 9 Fever 19 IRA 5 Source: DCAT 2012 6 to 11 25 33 6 12 to 23 34 30 6 24 to 35 20 26 6 36 to 47 13 23 5 48 to 59 9 18 2 All 19 25 5 The results of the DCAT II show that the prevalence of acute respiratory infections (ARI) is not very high in Congo: only 5% of children presented symptoms characteristic of this type of disease in the two weeks preceding the interview. It should be noted that the results on the prevalence of IRA are not strictly comparable with those of DCAT-I, because the prevalence of ARI varies with the season and the information collected by DHS are only representative of the period reference, that is to say the two weeks preceding the survey. Fever Nationally, a quarter of children below 5 years of age (25%) had fever in the two weeks preceding the interview. However, in some age groups, the prevalence was higher. Indeed, estimated at 19% among children aged less than 6 months, it increased significantly to 33% for children aged 6-11 months and 30% for 12-23 months. Beyond that, it starts to decline progressively to its lowest level in 48-59 months (18%). In 47% of cases, treatment or advice was sought in a health facility or from a health care provider. In addition, when they had fever, 25% of children were treated with anti malarial and 69% were treated with antibiotics. Diarrhoea Nearly one in 5 children (19%) had at least one episode of diarrhoea in the two weeks preceding the survey and, in addition, in 2% of cases, there was blood in the stool. In only 37% of cases, treatment or advice was sought for the sick child. However when diarrhoea was accompanied by blood, the proportion reached 54%. To treat diarrhoea, the results show that in only 28% of cases ORS sachets were given to sick children or pre packaged liquids. In addition, 18% of children received recommended home solution, and overall 37% received one and / or another form ORT. Furthermore, in 36% of 68