Pursuant to the Convention on the Prohibition of the Use, Stockpiling, Production and Transfer of Anti-Personnel Mines and on their Destruction, Mauritania adopted a plan of action to locate and destroy all the mines in the national territory. This programme is implemented by the National humanitarian demining bureau (BNDH) and receives support from UNDP, UNICEF and international NGOs. The BNDH is implementing, in collaboration with UNICEF, an education component concerning the hazards represented by the mines with the aim of delivering a message about safe behaviour to the affected communities and continuing the training of NGO outreach workers and involving them in the education activities. There is a second component on assistance to victims of mine explosions, in which the aim is to obtain reliable data on such victims and identify their needs in terms of social reintegration and to build up the capacity of the National Orthopaedic Centre (branches in Nouakchott and Nouadhibou). These two components have a significant impact on the protection of women and children in these zones. V-Challenges faced in the implementation of the Protocol and corrective measures taken With a view to achieving the Sustainable Development Goals, the Government, with the help of its technical and financial partners, is carrying out ambitious anti-poverty programmes for sustainable human development focusing on the promotion and protection of women’s rights. Despite its efforts, Mauritania is faced with certain challenges relating to:  the integration of women as stakeholders in a rights-based approach to stronger and inclusive development;  the optimum harmonization of domestic legislation with the provisions of ratified international instruments;  ownership by women of the contents of legal human rights instruments in general and women’s rights in particular;  the lack of human and financial resources of institutions and organizations defending human rights in general and women’s rights in particular;  specialization of magistrates and weakness of jurisprudence on human rights in general and women’s rights in particular;  the capacities of national human rights institutions. In order to address challenges relating to the application of the Protocol, Mauritania implemented human rights promotion strategies which were integrated, as a priority, into the post 2015-2030 Agenda with the assistance of TFPs. Support was hence provided to the Office of the Commissioner for Human Rights and Humanitarian Action, the National Human Rights Commission, the Office of the Ombudsman, National Courts and Civil Society Organizations. 68