estates. In relation to testate succession, a widow may where she has not been adequately
provided for under a will, make application to the Court for such provision.
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In case of an intestate, the Act provides for principles of distribution of property which
particularly state that a spouse of the deceased is entitle to inherit any property of the
deceased. In Section 3, the Act has significantly narrowed down primary beneficiaries to
the deceased estate to immediate family, namely spouse and children. This has helped in
strengthening protection of women’s property as an economic resource.
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Where the deceased was in a polygamous union, the Act protects the surviving widows in
that each widow living in a different locality shall be entitled to a share of the property of
the intestate in their locality in accordance with the Act. No widow and her children shall
have a claim to any share of the property of the intestate in the locality where another
widow lives. If the intestate left more than one widow surviving him all living in the
same locality, each widow and her children by the intestate shall be entitled to a share of
the property of the intestate proportionate to their contribution.
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Further to that, customary law which perpetrated property grabbing in the absence of a
will no longer applies in the distribution of deceased estates. Instead, distribution of
property follows the principles of fairness set out in the Act. This ensures the protection
of widows from property grabbing. The Act also declares any property grabbing by a
deceased spouse’s relatives to be a criminal act and subject to criminal prosecution.
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Section 13 (j) of the Constitution provides that the state shall adopt policies and
legislation to respect and support the elderly through the provision of community services
and to encourage participation in the life of the community. In 2016 Malawi adopted a
National Policy for Older Persons. The Policy establishes Community Elderly
Committees which will be responsible for implementation of the policy in liaison with all
other stakeholders under the coordination of the Ministry of Gender. For easy liaison,
there will be a gender sensitive and inclusive representation in the committee consisting
of not more than 10 older persons. One of the strategies under the Policy includes
designing and implementation of old age gender sensitive and inclusive programmes.
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