14. From 2005 to 2008, Madagascar entered the acceleration and improvement phase
of its economic development coordination process; the average growth rate of that
period reached 5.7%.
15. This economic performance has been hampered by the political crisis of 2009, which
led to a steep decline in the national economy due to :
- The closure of many export processing enterprises, following the abolition of
the African Growth Opportunity Act (AGOA), which caused the loss of
hundreds of thousands of jobs;
- The freezing of budgetary support and external financing;
- The fall of the state budget revenues;
- The decrease in the number of international tourists coming into the country;
- Inadequate aggregate demand due to lower incomes and household
purchasing power.
16. The effects of the global economic recession, climatic hazards (cyclones Hubert,
Bingiza and Haruna) and the locust invasion from 2010 to 2013 have largely
amplified the effects of the political crisis
17. However from 2011, the national economy has recovered slightly without reaching
the performance recorded during the period 2005-2008.
18. It is worth mentioning that the political crisi has hampered the réalisation of human
rights in general and children’s rights in particular.
Table 1 : Gross Domestic Product Change (GDP) in nominal terms and inflation
Year
Nominal GDP
Growth ( %)
Inflation ( %)
(Billion Ar)
2013
23 460
2,4
5,8
2012
21 774
3,0
5,8
2011
20 034
1,5
9,5
2010
18 245
0,3
9,2
2009
16 726
-4,0
9,0
2008
16 081
7,1
9,2
2007
13 760
6,2
10,3
Source : INSTAT/Direction des Synthèses Économiques, juillet 2014
b. Social indicators
19. The National Survey on Monitoring the Millennium Development Goals indicators
(ENSOMD) 2012-2013 highlighted the following:
4