The National Council for Childhood and Motherhood is the supreme national authority responsible for establishing the general policy for childhood and motherhood in Egypt, as well as being charged with planning, coordinating, monitoring and evaluating activities related to the protection and development of children and mothers. The Council, established in 1988 by Republican Decree No. 54 of 1988, operates through cooperation, with non-governmental organizations, as well as coordinating governmental and local efforts. The Council serves disadvantaged children, non-school children, under-age workers, street children with disabilities and other children living in difficult circumstances. National Population Council: The National Population Council was established by Republican Decree No. 19 of 1985, as amended by Presidential Decree No. 32 of 1996, No. 218 of 2002 and No. 139 of 2007. The Council is responsible for developing population-related policies to help achieve the highest possible rate of economic development and social welfare. It also formulates annual programs for population projects instituted by the National Plan for Family Planning. The council is also tasked with providing nationwide family planning services and with working to curb illiteracy and implementing other population-related projects. Its other duties include assessing the annual achievements of these projects and providing guidance to remove any obstacles they may encounter. In addition, this council sets annual budgets and determines the role of all the ministries, agencies, governmental, public or private institutions involved in implementing the annual population-related programs and projects. The Council establishes its own regulations and projects concerning its operations, as well as creating its own institutions in connection with these. Its decisions shall apply to all ministries, public bodies, local government units and public sector companies in their respective fields of competence. These bodies shall provide the Council with the reports, data or statistics required for its activities, and thus also represent means of remedying national challenges in the areas within the council’s areas of competence. National Council for Physically Challenged Persons: The National Council for Physically Challenged Persons was established by Prime Ministerial Decision No. 410 on April 17, 2012. It is affiliated to the Prime Minister and is headquartered in 29