Source: UBOS statistical Abstract 2012 Mortality: Malaria remains the leading cause of death in Uganda followed by HIV AIDS. The highest number of mortality occurs among males above 5 years at 36.1% followed by females above 5 years at 25.1%. Mortality in males under 5 is 20.2% and females under 5 is 18.5% Top Ten Causes of Hospital Based Mortality for all Ages for the financial years 2010/2011 2012. IPD Diagnosis Under 5 years Malaria 27.16 AIDS 2.61 Pneumonia 11.37 Anaemia 12.10 Tuberculosis 0.90 Perinatal conditions (in new borns 0 to 28 days) 7.78 Septicemia 4.99 Other Types of Meningitis 0.96 Respiratory Infections (Other) 2.72 Injuries -Road Traffic Accidents 0.49 All Others 28.93 Total 100.00 Source: Annual Health Sector Performance Report 2010/11 Above 5 years 16.99 13.67 5.58 4.74 5.74 N.a 1.42 2.40 1.26 2.55 45.66 100.00 Child Morbidity: Child morbidity refers to the incidence of disease in children. For a number of years now malaria has remained the leading illness in children below 5 years. The table here below shows the proportion of cases of morbidity between 2007 and 2011 for children below 5 years of age. Leading causes of morbidity for children below Age 5 Type of illness 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 Malaria 33.6 No Pneumonia- Cough or Cold 15.6 Intestinal Worms 5.3 Skin Diseases 3.3 Pneumonia 2.9 All Others 39.3 26.1 12.2 4.0 2.7 2.2 52.8 48.5 15.5 4.4 2.9 2.4 26.3 48.2 24.1 6.5 3.8 3.2 14.2 36.2 19.3 5.2 3.2 2.4 33.7 Source: Ministry of Health (HMIS) Annual Report 2011 Trends in IP mortality (under 5) Diagnosis(2011) Malaria % 27.16 Diagnosis(2012) Malaria % 28.01 12