highest proportion of women circumcised in northern and central Tanzania. FGM/C is carried our throughout childhood from infancy onwards with 28 per cent of women circumcised by the age of one, though very few cases are reported or have been successfully prosecuted. The Ministry of Health and Social Welfare includes its Reproductive Health strategies a national plan of action for the prevention of female genital mutilation and other harmful traditional practices (2001-2015). Other measures include collaborating with NGOs and FBOs to raise community awareness of the harmful affects of FGM. Opposition to female circumcision is positively related to level of education and wealth quintile and is generally high. 65 In 2001 the Government launched the Tanzania Chapter of the East Africa Network on the Elimination of Female Genital Mutilation which aims to facilitate the sharing of information, materials and experiences among members on the elimination of FGM in their respective areas. The Government, NGOs and private practitioners are involved in community mobilization, advocacy and training of service providers on how to manage circumcised women during pregnancy, labour and postpartum period. They are also involved in community awareness programmes and behaviour changes. Minimum age of marriage - Customs and practices that are discriminatory have been identified though various commissions and pieces of research66. Legislation enacted includes the Law of Marriage Act of 1971 currently under review which attempted to unify and harmonize different laws relating to marriage. Several changes have taken place in the last decade including the adoption of international human rights instruments which have necessitated the need for review and amendment of this law. One of the 65 The TDHS 2004/5 looked into attitudes towards female circumcision. The view that female circumcision should be discontinued is almost universal in Zanzibar (98 percent) and very high in the Mainland (90 percent). The view that it should continue is highest (10 per cent) in the Northern Zone, and in Manyara and Arusha regions (17 and 15 per cent respectively). 66 For example, the Nyalali Report of February 1992 detailed 40 ‘oppressive laws’ in Tanzania and the Law Reform Commission Reports on the Laws of Marriage, succession/inheritance and laws relating to children submitted to the Government in 1994 and 1995. Research/ studies conducted by NGOs such as TAWLA, WLAC, LHRC, NOLA, TAMWA, and Envirocare etc. have also identified customs and practices that are discriminatory. Discriminatory laws identified by NGOs include the Local Customary Law (Declaration) Order 1963, the Townships (Removal of Undesirable Persons) Act. WLAC has filed a case in the High Court to declare the Local Customary Law (Declaration) Order 1963 as unconstitutional. 71