Table No.5 Immunisation in Zanzibar (2002 – 2005) 2002 2003 2004 2005 TB 104% 121% 128.0% 126% Polio 39.1% 42.3% 51% 53% DT P3 73.6% 82.2% 89.0% 86.0% Measles 77.% 92.0% 90.0% 93.0% Polio 3 75.4% 75.6% 88.0% 85.0% TTZ+ 73.3% 70.4% 73.0% 67.0% Source: EP I (ZMoS), 2006 Malaria - The Government strongly endorses insecticide-treated nets (ITNs) and has introduced the Tanzania National Vouchers Scheme to provide discount vouchers to all pregnant women attending antenatal clinics and so accelerate the use of treated nets by pregnant women and young children. The proportion of households owning bed nets has increased from around 25 per cent in 1999, to 46 per cent in 2004. Approximately 31 per cent of children under five sleep under a mosquito net, though only about 16 per cent of those are insecticide-treated. Some of the poor and the most vulnerable children cannot afford ITNs despite the discount vouchers. Zanzibar is considered a high malaria – transmission area Around 50% of the children will have had the first malaria episode before reaching their first birthday (Based on expert opinion and Interpretation of combative frequency of serve malaria in Africa, lance volume 367, 2006). The prevalence of malaria in children under the age of five modestly declined from 41% in 1991/92 to 23% in 2004/05. Children in Pemba seem to be at higher risk of getting fever (38%), Compared to these located in Unguja (29%). Prevalence of fever among under fives ranges between 32% in children from the richest 37

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