widespread, especially, but not exclusively, in the Niger Delta. Nigeria has also yet to enact the Freedom of Information Bill that has been pending before the legislature for some time. Efforts to fight corruption 124. Concerted efforts to fight rampant corruption and graft through the establishment of anticorruption institutions – notably the ICPC, the EFCC and the Nigerian Financial Intelligence Unit (NFIU) – are also milestones in their own right. In this regard, successful prosecution of prominent political leaders and public figures by the anticorruption bodies has contributed positively to Nigeria’s political image and enhanced the country’s economic credibility with investors. 2.5 The economy and oil 54 125. Nigeria has the second-largest economy in sub-Saharan Africa, accounting for 41 per cent of the region’s gross domestic product (GDP – World Bank, 2008). It is endowed with considerable mineral and agricultural resources. These include oil and gas, coal, iron, tin and limestone, and crops such as cocoa, tobacco, palm products, peanuts, cotton, soya beans and rubber. The mining sector accounts for nearly half of the GDP. 126. The oil and gas industry is the single-largest source of revenue. It contributes about 95 per cent of export earnings, and some 78 per cent of federally collected revenue is derived from the export of crude oil. On average, Nigeria produces 2.2 million barrels of crude oil per day [International Monetary Fund (IMF), 2008]. The Delta (30 per cent), Akwa Ibom (22 per cent), Bayelsa (18.2 per cent) and Rivers (18.20 per cent) States contribute the bulk of oil revenue to the economy. Other oil-producing states in Nigeria are Abia, Cross River, Edo, Imo and Ondo States. 127. Nigeria’s economy is highly dependent on the capital-intensive oil and gas industry, which contributes 99 per cent of export revenue and 85 per cent of government revenue, but only about 20 per cent of the GDP (World Bank, 2008). Agriculture and the wholesale and retail trade contribute 41.77 per cent and 14.7 per cent respectively to GDP. Manufacturing, on the other hand, contributes relatively little (3.79 per cent) to GDP [National Bureau of Statistics (NBS), 2007]. Notwithstanding its significant contribution to exports and revenues, the capital-intensive oil and gas industry is not an important source of employment. The bulk of the population is engaged in agriculture, which drives economic growth. However, because it is largely of a subsistence nature and is characterised by low levels of productivity, the agricultural sector has failed to keep pace with rapid population growth. 128. Over the years, Nigeria has shown determination to expand and diversify its revenue base by encouraging the export of nonoil products. Indeed, in recent years, real GDP growth has been led by developments in the nonoil sector, where growth averaged 8.3 per cent over the period 2004–2006 compared with 0.23 per cent for the oil sector. In particular, the agricultural