judiciary maintained before the CRM that the court fees payable are not prohibitive and do not pose a deterrent to access to justice, more still has to be done to ensure access to justice, particularly for the indigent, women and the rural populations. This may include the waiver of court fees and enhanced provision of legal aid. The expeditious disposal of criminal cases in order to avoid lengthy incarceration of suspects and accused persons is also an issue, given that few courts have appropriate technologies, capacities and personnel to facilitate the expeditious administration of justice. Crime as an inhibitor of the enjoyment of rights 100 256. Every individual in Nigeria has the right to life, liberty and security, and bodily integrity. However, the notoriety of the activities of certain segments of society in promoting crime has severely curtailed the enjoyment of such rights by both state and nonstate actors. Key among these are political assassinations, such as the 2006 killing of Ayodeji Daramola, the candidate for the office of governor of Ekiti, and Funsho Williams, the candidate for the office of governor of Lagos. Unresolved political murder cases in the country point to the huge gulf between, for instance, the constitutional right to life in the bill of rights and actual practice. They also call into question the investigative capacities of the police and their ability to bring heinous criminals to book. The fact that nobody has been arraigned for these high-profile crimes promotes impunity. 257. Other violent crimes that have occurred which violate the right to life include: kidnappings for ransom, as have occurred in parts of the Niger Delta; carjackings, and robberies occurring at roadblocks; student cults across the nation that participate in violent acts of killing, rape, maiming, arson, extortion and fighting; the violence unleashed by militia groups on certain host communities; the thuggish acts of violence perpetrated by youth gangs during election times; and armed robbers who pillage banks and other establishments, often killing police and civilians indiscriminately. 258. Reported cases of excessive use of force by law enforcement officials have been a source of concern for human rights monitors. As noted in the CSAR, torture, unlawful arrest, and detention and extrajudicial killings by law enforcement agencies form the largest portion of violations being handled by the National Human Rights Commission. Only rarely have citizens won cases against police brutality. 259. The activities of nonstate actors in ‘conflict’ areas also require attention where they result in the curtailment or violation of rights. Such nonstate violators seem to hide behind political claims or unsanctioned religious and cultural practices. 260. Testimony was given that congestion in prisons, especially in respect of awaiting-trial prisoners, undermines the dignity of those incarcerated. The juvenile justice system is compromised by a lack of specially designed courts, and instances where children are remanded in custody with adults were pointed out. Very few states have reformatories for children who have problems with the law. Legal assistance to the indigent at public expense is very limited indeed.