330. This means that for environmental protection to be effective as envisaged by the Senegalese authorities, it must be geared towards economic, social and cultural development of the country, i.e. adopting a re-orientation approach in relation to the role of the State and other non-State actors in the search for a better living environment for Senegalese citizens. 331. Though one may point to 1968 as the time the Government saw the need to protect the environment with the establishment of a National Advisory Committee for the Protection of Nature and Conservation of Natural Resources130, it is the 2001 Constitution which came up with the legislation to the effect that Government had an obligation to protect it.131. The action of the latter, which was mainly aimed at reconciling improvement in the living conditions of the Senegalese people with the environmental challenges of the country is structured around three (3) strategic guidelines132 : improvement of the knowledge base of the environment and natural resources, intensification of the fight against the current trend of environmental degradation and of natural resources in line with treaties to which Senegal is a party and the strengthening of institutional and technical capacity of stakeholders in the implementation of measures for the conservation of the environment and natural resources. (a) Enhancement of knowledge on the environment and natural resources : 332. It is structured around two (2) strategies: (1) Environmental Education, Information and Communication on efforts of the State and the activities of other partners such as NGOs. 333. Through this approach, environmental education has now been incorporated into the curricula of the formal and informal education system to make it possible for future citizens who are now students to take up their responsibility of protecting the environment. This was made possible by the establishment of a mechanism for training of teachers with the aim of enhancing their knowledge on these issues. 334. By this mechanism, the legislative and regulatory texts such as the Environmental Code133, the Forestry Code134, and the national sanitation strategy were popularized as instruments projecting the positive law, the implementation of which must first of all be carried out by the stakeholders themselves. 130 See Presidential Decree No 6328 of 22 May 1968. 131 Article 8: « The Republic of Senegal guarantees fundamental personal freedoms, economic and social rights as well as collective rights to all citizens. These freedoms and rights are specifically…the right to a safe environment… » 132 See Survey, Planning and Monitoring Unit of the Ministry of Environment and Nature Protection, Annual Monitoring Report 2010, February 2011, page 9. 133 Law No 2001-01 of 15 January 2001 and its Implementing Decree No 2001-282 of 12 April 2001. 134 Law No 98-03 of 8 January 1998 and its Implementing Decree No 98-164 of 20 February 1998. 76