254. It is carried out by way of food assistance to extremely vulnerable zones in terms of nutrition provided by the Food Security Commission (CSA), the National Solidarity Fund (FSN) and the World Food Programme (WFP). 255. This programme is intended to ensure availability, management and monitoring of food security stocks at the national level to address shortages, food emergencies and assistance during large gatherings (religious festivals such as the Maouloud and the Magal of Touba). The food aid is provided at the request of disaster-stricken people or of large gatherings with the consent of the Prime Minister of Senegal. 256. The programme also helps to provide coupons for vulnerable households to procure foodstuffs from certified retailers. Thus, in 10 communes of Dakar and in the suburbs of Ziguinchor, each member of a household receives CFAF 3000 (about US$6) per month for 6 months. In 2011, 13.01% of the population entitled to food aid for deprived persons benefitted from this scheme. (c) Youth Employment 90 : 257. In Senegal, it is viewed as an important leverage for the attainment of the right to work and also for poverty alleviation because the employment market in the country is marked by:    A low level of employment with an atrophied modern sector (6.2%); A high level of urban unemployment particularly among the youth (national unemployment rate of 12.9% as against 18.59% in Dakar) ; and A chronic under-employment in the rural communities, the main source of massive migratory movement of the population from rural areas to the major urban centres. 258. Unemployment is very high among the youth who constitute a greater proportion of the population. Today, almost 60% of the population below 20 years and the youth who have reached the working age within the 15 and 34 year bracket are more than half of the active population and every year almost 100.000 new job seekers join the labour market. This situation is not without consequence on the current and future situation of the youth in this same job market. 259. Women who constitute the largest part of the population are poorly represented and are often involved in marginal activities, and they are poorly paid. Their gross participation rate, which was around 34% in the 1970’s increased tremendously to 46.3% in 2001. 260. The main barriers to youth employment are the following: 90 A greater part of the information on this issue is drawn from the report of the Study Tour on Skills Development for Youth Employment Programme : Policies/measures taken to address youth unemployment in Senegal since 2000, Ankaraaris, January 2012 57