root causes. It has also provided the much-needed impetus for policy makers to view the problem more seriously and take action. clxi. Corruption occupies a prominent place in the country’s political and economic landscape. Transparency International’s 2008 Corruption Perceptions Index ranked Mozambique 126th out of 180 countries surveyed, which is a downgrade in both relative and absolute terms. It ranked 111th out of 180 countries in both 2006 and 2007. clxii. As indicated in the CSAR, corruption continues to flourish in Mozambique, not only at the highest political levels, through rent-seeking practices and the manipulation of procurement, but also in the shape of so-called “petty corruption”, through small bribes demanded by, for example, traffic police and hospital staff. Despite the government’s commitment to solve such problems, progress remains slow due to bureaucratic inefficiency and a lack of judicial capacity. clxiii. Legal provisions in Mozambique concerning the governance and integrity of public institutions are still weak. The Anticorruption Act, which was adopted in 2004, does not give full prosecuting powers to the Central Office for Combating Corruption (GCCC), thus impacting negatively on its general performance. clxiv. While the introduction of the Anticorruption Act was hailed as a milestone in the anticorruption movement in Mozambique, the lack of investigative authority of the GCCC, its limited authority and the ineffective nature of whistleblowing mechanisms are cause for concern, raising doubts about the applicability and efficiency of the Act. 5. SPECIAL ISSUES clxv. In addition to the cross-cutting issues highlighted above, Mozambique should also pay attention to the following special issues identified by the CRM, 5.1 Climate Change clxvi. Mozambique is vulnerable to flooding due to its geographical location downstream of many international rivers that flow into the Indian Ocean. Other factors contributing to the country’s vulnerability include a high population growth rate, high levels of poverty and a high dependence on natural resources for livelihood.3 According to Ministry for the Coordination of Environmental Action (MICOA), and confirmed by the CRM at its meeting with the National Council on the Environment in 2009, the three major extreme weather events in the country are drought, floods and tropical cyclones. Nevertheless, it is pertinent to note that most devastating floods in the country, especially those of 2000 and 2007, were caused by torrential rains in the neighbouring countries of Malawi, South Africa, Tanzania, Zambia and Zimbabwe.4 Generally, floods, drought 34 A P R M COU N T RY R EV IEW R EP ORT NO. 11