UNICEF Report published in April 2016438, a total of 44 children were used by Boko Haram
in 2015 to carry out suicide attacks in the Lake Chad Basin area, 75 per cent of them girls,
some as young as 8 years.
920- To offer an alternative to children who might yield to the attraction of terrorist groups,
the State of Cameroon has developed social programmes to combat poverty in affected areas
as noted above (see developments §468 et al). Rehabilitation of children associated with
armed groups was one of the options on the inventory of treatments reserved them, as
indicated above.
Section 10: The Rights of Vulnerable Groups Benefiting from Special Protection
921- The State has opted for an inclusive approach in the promotion and protection of
women's rights, hence the adoption of comprehensive policies benefiting all categories of
women, including older women (art. 22), women with disabilities (art. 23) and women in
distress (art. 24). This section will lay more emphasis on actions geared towards the interest of
widows.
922- Enjoyment of fundamental rights by widows (arts. 20 and 21) is likely to be impeded by
several factors. Indeed, a study conducted in 2015 on the situation of widows in Cameroon
revealed that they were still subjected to degrading rites, physical or moral persecution and
denied access to inheritance. To address this situation, the Government, in collaboration with
civil society, has taken measures regarding raising the awareness of widows on their rights,
counselling and assisting them in monitoring administrative and judicial proceedings.
923- Indeed widows enjoy a set of rights enshrined both in the non-harmonized legislation
derived from the colonial heritage of Germano-Romanic or common law inspiration and in
the harmonized post-independence law, notably Ordinance No 81/2 of 29 June 1981
mentioned above. Thus, article 77, paragraph 2, of the said Ordinance provides that "in the
event of death of the husband, his heirs shall have no right over the widow, nor over her
freedom nor the share of property belonging to her. She may, provided that she observes her
period of widowhood of 180 days from the death of her husband, freely remarry without
anyone laying claim whatsoever to any compensation or material benefit for dowry or
otherwise, received either at the time of engagement, during marriage or after marriage”.
924- In terms of inheritance, women's property rights have been preserved in the event of the
termination of marriage due to the death of their spouse. They differ depending on whether it
is civil law or common law. 927In accordance with the provisions of article 767 of the Civil
Code, a widow has usufructuary rights over property left by her deceased husband. It is
noteworthy that the usufruct concerns the part of the property left by her late husband, death
resulting automatically in liquidation of the matrimonial regime before liquidation of the
estate.
925- Under Common Law, specifically Rule 21 of the Non Contentious Probate Rules 1954,
the surviving wife ranks first in the order of succession before legitimate, recognized or
adopted children. She is the administrator or co-administrator of the estate, even in case of a
polygamous marriage. She administers the assets left by the deceased in the interest of the
beneficiaries before liquidation of the estate within one year.
926- In the sphere of criminal legislation, article 180-1 of the Criminal Code punishes he who
prevents the surviving spouse (widow) or orphans from receiving the reversionary pension
due them, while article 358-1 punishes he who, without any judicial procedure, expels the
spouse from the matrimonial home without legitimate reason.
438
Report published on its website, www.unicef.org, April 2016, accessed May 2016.
152
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